cPanel

Sometimes in cases like migration its needed to change the nameservers for all sites / zones to newer ones. Here the cPanel does not provide any option to do so.

Here is way we can do it by command line :

First and most important backup the Zone files :

cp -r /var/named /var/named.backup

Using below you can replace the nameservers under all zone files :

sed -i 's/ns1.old.com/ns1.new.com/g' /var/named/*.db

OR

replace   "ns1.old.com"  "ns1.new.com" -- /var/named/*.db

Now its necessary to update the serials under each zone files to make the changes take effect.

find /var/named/*.db -mtime -1 -exec perl -pi -e 'if (/^\s+(\d{10})\s+;\s+serial/i) { my $i = $1+1; s/$1/$i/;}' '{}' \;

Check the DNS service first :

systemctl status pdns

Now restart the service to load the changes :

systemctl restart pdns

Make sure to update the new nameservers under Basic Settings too.

Finally you need to update nameserver IP’s under cpanel using below command :

/scripts/updatenameserverips

Today I had an issue on / with shortage of disk inodes on a cPanel dedicated server.

In computing, an inode is a data structure on a traditional Unix-style file system such as UFS. An inode stores basic information about a regular file, directory, or other file system object.

In layman’s term – Every time a file is created or uploaded on a server, an inode is created. Simply say, inode is the count of the number of files on your server may it be a VPS or dedicated server.

The number of inodes used can be checked using below command (example is for /root) :

for i in /root ; do echo $i; find $i -type f | wc -l ;done

For my current issue it was the comet directory which was using up the space / inodes. The comet directory is usually filled on a high mail traffic server.

/root/.cpanel/comet

You can safely clean up the comet directory by running the following command that will remove all files in this directory that have not been accessed in more than three days.

/usr/local/cpanel/bin/purge_dead_comet_files

Example :

root@linuxbabu [~]# df -i /
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/sda6 960992 960992 0 100% /
root@linuxbabu [~]#

root@linuxbabu [~]# /usr/local/cpanel/bin/purge_dead_comet_files
******Cleaning up comet for root...Done
root@linuxbabu [~]#

root@linuxbabu [~]# df -i /
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/sda6 960992 31278 929714 4% /
root@linuxbabu [~]#

This should free your Inodes / Disk space.
🙂

WHM shows below error for cPHulk Brute Force Protection :

=========
cPHulk Brute Force Protection
Mysql is currently disabled. To enable mysql go to: Service Manager
Once there check Enable and Monitor for mysql. Then at the bottom of the page click save.
=========

Running below command should fix the issue :

/usr/local/cpanel/bin/hulkdsetup

Sample Output :
===========
root@1 [/]# /usr/local/cpanel/bin/hulkdsetup
hulkdsetup: synchronizing database schema

## mysqldiff 0.43
##
## Run on Sat Apr 6 04:05:04 2013
## Options: debug=0, host=localhost
##
## — db: cphulkd (host=localhost)
## +++ file: /usr/local/cpanel/etc/cphulkd_db.sql

CREATE TABLE auths (
SERVER char(128) NOT NULL,
USER char(128) NOT NULL,
PASS char(128) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SERVER,USER)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE blacklist (
IP char(128) NOT NULL,
ISPREFIX int(1) DEFAULT ‘0’,
UNIQUE KEY IP (IP),
KEY ISPREFIX_index (ISPREFIX),
KEY IP_index (IP)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE brutes (
IP char(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ”,
NOTES text,
BRUTETIME datetime DEFAULT NULL,
EXPTIME datetime DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (IP),
KEY EXPTIME_index (EXPTIME)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE good_logins (
USER char(128) NOT NULL,
IP char(255) DEFAULT NULL,
LOGINSERVICE char(64) DEFAULT NULL,
LOGINTIME datetime DEFAULT NULL,
KEY LOGINTIME_LOGINSERVICE_USER_index (LOGINTIME,LOGINSERVICE,USER)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE logins (
USER char(128) NOT NULL,
IP char(255) DEFAULT NULL,
SERVICE char(64) DEFAULT NULL,
STATUS int(1) DEFAULT NULL,
LOGINTIME datetime DEFAULT NULL,
KEY LOGINTIME_SERVICE_STATUS_USER_index (LOGINTIME,SERVICE,STATUS,USER),
KEY LOGINTIME_IP_index (LOGINTIME,IP)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE report (
type char(16) NOT NULL,
service char(16) NOT NULL,
login_service char(16) DEFAULT NULL,
ip char(200) DEFAULT NULL,
user char(100) DEFAULT NULL,
failcount int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
logintime datetime DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE whitelist (
IP char(128) NOT NULL,
ISPREFIX int(1) DEFAULT ‘0’,
UNIQUE KEY IP (IP),
KEY ISPREFIX_index (ISPREFIX),
KEY IP_index (IP)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
root@1 [/]#

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